Parshuram Dwadashi is a sacred festival in Hinduism, celebrated as the birth anniversary of Lord Parshuram, the sixth incarnation of Lord Vishnu. This festival is observed on the twelfth day (Dwadashi) of the Shukla Paksha (bright fortnight) in the month of Vaishakh. On this day, devotees worship Lord Parshuram and pledge to walk the path of righteousness, justice, and truth.
Lord Parshuram is considered a symbol of strength, wisdom, and justice. He is renowned for ending the tyranny and injustice of the Kshatriyas (warrior class). His life teaches us that it is essential to be powerful and courageous to protect Dharma (righteousness).
Introduction to Lord Parshuram
Lord Parshuram was born to Sage Jamadagni and Mata Renuka. Though born in a Brahmin family, he followed the warrior code and mastered martial arts. Hence, he is often referred to as a “Kshatriya among Brahmins.” Lord Parshuram is considered immortal (Chiranjivi) and is believed to still be alive. It is said that he will teach martial arts to Lord Kalki, the final avatar of Vishnu, at the end of Kaliyuga.
Why is Parshuram Dwadashi Celebrated?
This day is celebrated to honor the birth and virtues of Lord Parshuram. It is a day to remember his principles, sacrifices, and relentless efforts to uphold Dharma.
Lord Parshuram is said to have eliminated corrupt and unjust Kshatriyas 21 times from the earth. His motive was not revenge but the restoration of Dharma. This day reminds us that whenever unrighteousness prevails, God incarnates to reestablish balance in the universe.
What Should One Do on Parshuram Dwadashi?
Devotees observe various religious rituals on this day:
1. Bath and Resolution:
- Wake up during Brahma Muhurta and bathe in the Ganges or any holy river.
- If river bathing isn’t possible, bathe at home using water mixed with Ganga Jal.
- After bathing, take a vow to fast and worship.
2. Observe a Fast:
- Fasting on this day is considered highly auspicious.
- The fast can be nirjala (without water), phalahar (fruit-based), or with simple food, depending on one’s devotion and capacity.
3. Worship Lord Parshuram:
- Perform Panchopchar or Shodashopchar puja (five or sixteen-step ritual).
- Offer sandalwood, saffron, lotus flowers, tulsi leaves, coconut, and sacred thread (janeu).
- As Lord Parshuram loves the axe (parshu), keep an image or symbolic axe during the worship.
4. Recite Scriptures and Mantras:
- Read Lord Parshuram's life story.
- Chant “Om Parshuramaya Namah” at least 108 times.
- Reciting Vishnu Sahasranama and Parshuram Stuti is also beneficial.
5. Charity and Good Deeds:
- Donate food, clothes, water pots, umbrellas, footwear, and metal utensils to the needy.
- Feeding Brahmins and giving them dakshina (offerings) is considered very meritorious.
6. Listening to His Story:
- Listen to Lord Parshuram’s life story, especially his birth, valor, and efforts to uphold Dharma.
What Not to Do on This Day?
- Avoid meat, alcohol, and intoxicants.
- Refrain from ego, anger, and harsh speech.
- Do not lie, steal, or insult others.
- Do not disrespect weapons, as Parshuram ji held them sacred.
- Avoid dirty or impure clothes during worship.
- Stay away from overeating or indulgence at night.
- Avoid distractions like mobile phones during prayer time.
Benefits of Observing Parshuram Dwadashi
1. Awakening of Righteousness and Justice:
- Observing this day inspires one to uphold truth, justice, and dharma.
2. Courage and Inner Strength:
- Fasting and worship on this day increase courage, inner strength, and wisdom.
3. Relief from Ancestral and Family Curses:
- It is believed that special prayers and donations on this day help relieve Pitru Dosha and Kula Dosha (ancestral and familial faults).
4. Success in Education and Knowledge:
- As Lord Parshuram excelled in both scriptures and warfare, students and aspirants benefit greatly by worshipping him.
5. Freedom from Bad Karma:
- Fasting, worship, and charity on this day help cleanse past-life sins and bless one with a better rebirth.
6. Health Benefits:
- Ayurveda and Yoga believe fasting purifies the body. This vrat (fast) offers mental and physical purification.
7. Control over Anger and Ego:
- Lord Parshuram’s life teaches the righteous use of power. Worshipping him inspires self-control and humility.
Unique Features of Lord Parshuram
- He received his divine axe (Parshu) from Lord Shiva.
- He was the teacher of legendary warriors like Vishwamitra, Bhishma, Dronacharya, and Karna.
- He defeated Sahasrabahu Arjuna of the Haihaya dynasty.
- He is said to dwell at sacred sites like Prayag, Mount Mahendra, and Kumbakonam.
- Legends say he created the Konkan and Malabar coasts in southern India.
Parshuram Dwadashi is not just the birth anniversary of Lord Parshuram—it is a festival of spiritual inspiration. This day teaches us that both strength and wisdom must be used to protect righteousness. His life sets an example of courage, justice, and unwavering duty.
Whoever observes this vrat with devotion, performs his puja, and remembers Lord Parshuram with a pure heart, is blessed with success, good health, and spiritual progress in life.