Chapter 1 – Arjuna’s Despondency
Verse 39
Katham’, na, gyeyam’, asmaabhiH, paapaat’, asmaat’, nivartitum’,
Kulakshyakrtam’, dosham’, prpashyabhdiH, janaardan ||39||
Meaning (as per the emotion of the verse):
When we no longer desire a kingdom or pleasures for those very people who now stand before us on the battlefield, how can our mind incline toward war?
Simple Explanation / Elaboration:
In this verse, Arjuna says to Lord Krishna:
“O Krishna! The loved ones for whom we once desired wealth, kingdom, and happiness — now they stand in opposition to us, ready for war. Without them, all those things become meaningless. Therefore, my mind does not incline toward fulfilling my duty — that is, engaging in this battle.”
This reflects Arjuna’s deep sorrow and despair. He is caught between his dharma (duty) and maya (emotional attachment) and cannot see a clear path forward.
Philosophical Insight:
When the true purpose — such as relationships, compassion, and humanity — is lost, then the means — like power, wealth, and war — also lose their value.
Arjuna's inner conflict teaches us that a true sense of duty should be the ultimate guiding force — not attachment or grief.
